86-DOS

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86-DOS
Logo
Screenshot
开发商Seattle Computer Products / Tim Paterson
源代码模型闭源
初始版本86-DOS 0.10
(1980 年 7 月 25 日)
最新版本86-DOS 1.14
(1981 年 12 月 11 日)
支持平台x86
内核类型一体化软件
用户界面命令行界面
许可专有


86-DOS，内部称为QDOS，有时在官方文档中称为Seattle DOS和SCP-DOS，[1] 是由 Seattle Computer Products 开发的操作系统，后来获得许可[2] ，然后由 Microsoft购买[3] 并使用作为IBM PC-DOS和MS-DOS的基础。

历史

西雅图计算机产品公司 (Seattle Computer Products) 创建并出售了首批 8086 计算机套件之一，但由于缺乏为其编写的软件，其销量微乎其微。[4] CP/M-86 预计将成为第一个进入 8086 软件世界的项目，自 1979 年 12 月以来一直被推迟，[5][6] 到 1980 年 2 月，他们感受到了为自己的设备提供产品的压力。

员工 Tim Paterson 于 1980 年之前曾在 Seattle Computer Products 从事过硬件工作，在大学期间只从事过一些软件工作，[7] 在他在公司 8086 董事会工作期间产生了创建自己的操作系统的想法。[6] 1980 年 2 月 6 日左右，帕特森与西雅图计算机产品公司的所有者罗德·布洛克 (Rod Brock) 举行了一次董事会会议，后者批准了他的想法。[8] 操作系统的主要目标之一是与 CP/M 的翻译兼容性，[9][10] 因此大多数内部功能都是根据 CP/M-80 手册重新实现的。[11] 另一个目标是一个更高效的文件系统，根据他对未完成的 8 位操作系统的记忆重新实现，称为 Microsoft Interrupt Driven Asynchronous System (MIDAS,[9] 或 MDOS[12] 1980 年之前[a])，编写作者是 Marc McDonald，[9][12] 这是他在 1979 年全国计算机会议期间了解到的。[7][b] 进一步的灵感来自 North Star 和 Cromemco 的 CP/M-80 变体、[5] UCSD p-System, Unix、[7] CDC SCOPE、Cromemco RDOS，和IMSAI 8080独立系统。[8]

开发正式开始于 1980 年 4 月，[4][c] with code written in MicroPro WordMaster[7][15] on on a Cromemco Z80 computer[15][16] running CDOS.[7] While some code was written in pure 8086 assembly, most was written in the more familiar Z80 assembly and then translated using Paterson's Z80 to 8086 translator, TRANS-86,[7][17] for testing on the Seattle Computer Products 8086 system.[18] The operating system was in a workable state by late July, with Paterson spending about half of his time on its development.[4][19] Though it wasn't completely finished, Paterson figured a quick release was more important than adding all the features.[20]

已知版本列表

Beta

Confirmed build QDOS 0.10

Available build 86-DOS 0.11

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.2

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.3

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.33

Available build 86-DOS 0.34

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.42

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.56

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.60

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.74

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.75

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.76

Confirmed build 86-DOS 0.80

86-DOS 1.xx

Available build 86-DOS 1.00

Confirmed build 86-DOS 1.01

Available build 86-DOS 1.10

Confirmed build 86-DOS 1.11

Confirmed build 86-DOS 1.12

Confirmed build 86-DOS 1.13

Available build 86-DOS 1.14

相关产品

注释

  1. ↑ 更名的确切日期尚不清楚，但1979年 和 1980年 的用户手册草稿给出了大概的日期。
  2. ↑ MIDAS 文件系统的实现在两个方面失败了。 首先，FAT 和相应目录扇区的写入顺序被翻转（因此 FAT 是第二个写入），从而允许创建“孤立”文件。 其次，帕特森忘记实现一个停止器，指示何时磁道中没有更多目录条目，从而在仅需要读取少量扇区时导致速度显着减慢。[13]
  3. ↑ 在 2 月份的董事会会议之后，Paterson 抢先更新了他在 1979 年编写的 8086 监视器 (MON-86)，添加了“trace”命令。[14]

引用资料

  1. ↑ United States District Court for the Western District of Washington (25 July 2007). Paterson v. Little, Brown, and Co., et al. - Order. Seattle Times. Case 2:05-cv-01719-TSZ Document 29.
  2. ↑ Brock, Rod; Allen, Paul (6 January 1981); Iowa District Court for Polk County. 86-DOS License Agreement with Microsoft; Plaintiff's Exhibit #1, Comes v. Microsoft.
  3. ↑ Brock, Rod; Allen, Paul (27 July 1981); Iowa District Court for Polk County. 86-DOS Agreement of Sale with Microsoft; Plaintiff's Exhibit #2, Comes v. Microsoft.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hunter, David (March 1983). The Roots of DOS: Tim Paterson. Softalk for the IBM Personal Computer. p. 12-15.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Paterson, Tim (30 September 2007). Design of DOS. DosMan Drivel.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Bornstein, Howard (1986). MS-DOS (Versions 1.0-3.2) Technical Reference Encyclopedia. Microsoft Press. p. 8. ISBN 0-914845-69-1.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Paterson, Tim (4 August 2018). VCF West XIII -- Tim Paterson -- Original DOS and the old days. Vintage Computer Federation.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 United States District Court for the Western District of Washington (18 January 2007). Paterson v. Little, Brown, and Co., et al. - Deposition Upon Oral Examination of Tim Paterson. Case 2:05-cv-01719-TSZ Document 14-2.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Manes, Stephen; Andrews, Paul (1993). Gates: How Microsoft's Mogul Reinvented an Industry—and Made Himself the Richest Man in America. Doubleday. p. 280-281. ISBN 0-385-42075-7.
  10. ↑ Välimäki, Mikko (2005). The Rise of Open Source Licensing. Turre. p. 88. ISBN 952-91-8779-3.
  11. ↑ Cringely, Robert (June 1996). Triumph of the Nerds: The Rise of Accidental Empires (Season 1). PBS.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Duncan, Ray (1988). The MS-DOS Encyclopedia. Microsoft Press. ISBN 1-55615-049-0.
  13. ↑ Personal communication to Marc McDonald, February 12, 2022.
  14. ↑ Paterson, Tim (February 18, 1980). 8086 Monitor Version 1.4A Instruction Manual. PatersonTech.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Glatzer, Hal (March 1984). Reflections on Past and Future With the Man From MS-DOS. Software News. p. 44 & 46.
  16. ↑ Watt, Peggy (7 April 1986). MS-DOS creator Tim Paterson earns place in industry annals. Computerworld. p. 54.
  17. ↑ Microsoft Macro Assembler (MASM) Unofficial Changelist. BytePointer.
  18. ↑ Paterson, Tim (24 November 2007). The First DOS Machine. DosMan Drivel.
  19. ↑ Rojas, Raúl (April 2001). Encyclopedia of Computers and Computer History (A-L). Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 1-57958-235-4.
  20. ↑ Watt, Peggy (12 August 1991). PC-DOS, also 10, has its own storied past. Infoworld. p. 48.
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