查看“备份和还原”的源代码

{{Infobox Windows component
|name=备份和还原
|included in=[[Windows Vista]] 及以上
|replaces=[[NTBackup]]
|screenshot=Backup_And_Restore.png
|caption=[[Windows 11]] 中的备份和还原
|type=备份工具
|logo=BackupRestore_logo.png
|replaced by=[[文件历史记录]]}}
备份和恢复（以前在 [[Windows Vista Build 5098.0.winmain_beta1.050628-1740|Build 5098]] 至 [[Windows Vista Build 5219|Build 5219]] 中称为 ''SafeDocs''）是 [[Microsoft Windows]] 的组件。它是 [[Windows Vista]] 和 [[Windows 7]] 的主要备份工具。它可以创建文件和文件夹备份，以及系统映像备份，这些备份可用于在数据损坏、硬盘驱动器故障或恶意软件感染时进行恢复。

它取代了从 [[Windows NT 3.51]] 到 [[Windows XP]] 存在的旧版 [[NTBackup]] 工具，与其前身不同，它支持使用 CD、DVD 和蓝光光盘，但不支持磁带驱动器作为备份介质。

备份和还原在 [[Windows 8]] 中被弃用，取而代之的是[[文件历史记录]]，并在 [[Windows 8.1]] 中被完全删除。但是，它在 Windows 10 中回归，以便为在旧工具上进行的备份提供兼容性，即“备份和还原（Windows 7）”。

[[Windows Server 2008]] 及更高版本中存在名为 '''[[Windows Server Backup]]''' 的服务器版本“备份和还原”。

== History ==
=== Windows Vista ===
Backup and Restore was initially introduced in Windows Vista as "'''Backup and Restore Center'''" and it gives users the ability to schedule periodic backups of files on their computer, as well as recovery from previous backups.

Backups are incremental, storing only the changes made each time, minimizing disk usage. It also added the ability to perform a Complete PC Backup (available only in the Ultimate, Business, and Enterprise editions), which backs up an entire computer as an image onto a hard disk or DVD. Complete PC Backup can automatically recreate a machine setup onto new hardware or hard disk in case of any hardware failures. Complete PC Restore can be initiated from within the operating system or from the Windows Vista installation disc if the computer cannot start normally from the hard disk.

However, it did not allow users to choose specific files, locations, or users to back up; instead, it backs up content from all users based on pre-set categories which includes audio tracks, compressed files, documents, email, photos, recorded television shows, videos, and additional user files. Users could only choose whether to perform a backup of a certain category.

=== Windows 7 ===
In Windows 7, Backup and Restore Center was renamed to simply Backup and Restore and added the ability for users to choose specific folders and libraries to back up and Complete PC Backups were renamed to System Images. It also received many performance improvements and the UI was streamlined.

=== Windows 8 and later ===
Backup and Restore was renamed to Windows 7 File Recovery in Windows 8 and all links that directed users to the tool were removed, making it harder to access the tool as File History replaced it. The functionality of Backup and Restore was unchanged aside from a minor UI revamp like with the rest of the [[Control Panel]] applets in Windows 8. 

Backup and Restore was later removed entirely in Windows 8.1 with the system image backup functionality moving to the File History Control Panel applet. 

Windows 10 readded the feature under the name, "Backup and Restore (Windows 7)" but it is largely the same as its Windows 8 counterpart.

== Deprecation ==
With the release of Windows 8, Backup and Restore was deprecated in favor of File History. Though it retained all of its functionality for users who relied on it; the feature was moved to a '''Windows 7 File Recovery''' Control Panel applet and all previous points of access were removed. In Windows 8.1, all interface functionality with the exception of system image creation, which is in a '''System Image Backup''' option in File History, were removed. Scheduling system image backups is not supported either. WBAdmin, however, remained available. 

With the release of [[Windows 10]], the '''Backup and Restore (Windows 7)''' Control Panel applet was made available again to provide compatibility for backups that were made on the tool.

The system image functionality was deprecated with the release of [[Windows 10 Fall Creators Update]] and Microsoft recommends that users use third-party backup software.

== Gallery ==
=== Windows Backup and Restore ===
<gallery>
5329BackupRestore.png|Backup and Restore on [[5329.0.vbl_media_ehome.060301-2145|Windows Vista build 5329]]
BackupRestore Vista.png|Backup and Restore on [[Windows Vista Build 6000.16386.vista_rtm.061101-2205|Windows Vista]]
BackupRestore 7.png|Backup and Restore on [[Windows 7]]
BackupRestore 7InProgress.png|Backup and Restore on Windows 7 showing a backup in progress
BackupRestore 8.png|Backup and Restore on [[Windows 8]]
BackupRestore 10Home.png|Backup and Restore on [[Windows 10]]
</gallery>

=== SafeDocs ===
<gallery>
5098SafeDocs.png|Windows Backup in [[Windows Vista Build 5098.0.winmain_beta1.050628-1740|Windows Vista build 5098]]
</gallery>

[[分类:在 Windows Vista 中推出]][[分类:Windows 组件]]